Flame resistant fabric is a term used to describe a material that is self extinguishing after removal of an external ignition source. Material can be flame resistant because of the inherent properties of the fibre, or the presence of flame retardants. Also different yarn properties and fabric construction may contribute to increase flame resistance.

Inherently flame resistant fabrics are fabrics manufactured with fibres such as Nomex® whose innate properties make them naturally flame resistant without a chemical treatment.

Flame retardant treated fabrics are produced by applying a finish to a fibre or the fabric to reduce its flammability, or by incorporating a flame retardant chemical into the fibre prior to spinning. The flame retardant treatment chemicals are “activated” by intense heat, producing char and gases that inhibit combustion for a certain time.

Conventional fabrics that were not treated with flame retardant chemicals do not provide adequate protection against thermal hazards. They can ignite, melt or continue to burn on the body, increasing the extent of a worker’s burn injury.

It is very important that workers wear adequate thermal protective flame resistant clothing because it provides escape time, it reduces burn injury and it increases the wearer’s chances of survival.